Tebel

Tebel is simple case. You know that you are not allowed to make a Zimun on something in which Ma’asrot not given.

You have to give Ma’asrot for crops only when getting nourishment directly from the ground.

In the olden days the used to put plants in pots with holes in them and put them in the ground, so the crop would get nourishment directly from the ground

 

But what if there were no holes?

The Rabbis outlawed the pot with NO hole because it looked to similar to the one with holes.

The case that the Mishna is talking about when there are NO holes in the pot.

This is shady because according to the Torah it IS okay to make Zimun on the pot with NO holes but according to the Rabbis it is NOT.

Rami Bar Chama

Rami Bar Chama refuse to make Zimun with Rab Menashia Bar Tachalifa, 

because he learned Mishna and Halacha but not Mishna.

Rami Bar Chama died and Rava said that the reason he died was because 

he didn’t make Zimun with Rab Menashia Bar Tachalifa

Why did he die because of this? He was only following the Beraita?! 

 

It was different by Rab Menashya because he really did learn Gemara, but Rami Bar Chama didn’t investigate him, and didn’t check if he really did.

 

A different version says that since Rab Menashya only listened to the Rabbis and reviewed their words therefore we was concidered a novice or a R.I.T (Rabbi In Training) and Rami Bar Chama didn’t give him the proper respect.

 

Definition of an Am Ha’aretz

Whoever does not eat pure: Doesn’t wash Netilat Yadaim	Rabbi Meir
Whoever does not separate Ma’asrot	Chachamim
Whoever does not say Shema in Shaharit and Arbit	Rabbi Eliezer
Whoever doesn’t put on Tefilin	Rabbi Yehoshua
Whoever doesn’t put Sisit on his four-cornered garment	Ben Azai
Whoever doesn’t have a Mezuzah in his door	Rabbi Natan
Whoever has children and doesn’t bring them up in the ways of Torah	Rabbi Natan Bar Yosef
Anyone who is fluent in Tanach and Mishna but not Gemara	Aherim (Others)

Halacha is like the Aherim (Others).

Vehacooti

Why should he be able to make Zimun?

At best, he is an Am Ha’aretz and the Beraita says that you can’t make a Zimun with an Am Ha’aretz!?

 

Abaye says:

This case is talking about  a Cooti who is knowledgable.

 

Rava says:

The following:

The Beraita says:

What is an Am Ha’aretz?

1. Rabbi Meir: Whoever does not eat pure: Doesn’t wash Netilat Yadaim
2. Chachamim: Whoever does not separate Ma’asrot

Rava follows like the CHACHAMIM.

 

The Gemara then answers on Rava’s opinion:

The Cootim these days are careful to follow those laws that are written in the Beraita, Hence they give Ma’asrot, which makes it that they are not an Am Ha’aretz. 

Every Mitzvah that the Cootim hold, the are more strict than most of Yisrael.

The Gemara then brings a Beraita that gives ius eight or so opinions on the definition of an Am Ha’aretz. The Halacha is like the Aherim (others). To see the whole chart click here.

 

Hashamash She’achal Kazait

Isn’t this your regular old everyday average run-of-the-mill case? Why does the Mishna bring it then?

You might have thought that since the waiter is moving around you could still make a Zimun.

Ma’aser Sheni Vehekdesh Shenifdu

This case is simple?! Why would the Mishna have to bring us this case, it’s your regular, old, everyday, average, run-of-the-mill case!

Because when he redeemed it, he payed only its value and not the Chomesh.

We learn from here that the Chomesh does not hold you back from Zimun.